Nutgrass control was examined in field and glasshouse studies. A nutgrass control strategy was developed based on Zoliar and in-crop Roundup, and infallow, cultivation in dry conditions and Roundup in wet conditions. Many unresolved aspects of nutgrass ecology and control remain. Future research should focus on developing weed management packages and identifying weaknesses and solutions for current and future weed management systems. Introduction In 1989 cotton growers identified nutgrass control as the area of highest research priority. Purple nutgrass ( Cyperus rotundus) is the weed species most seriously affecting cotton production, although another 7 Cyperus species occur in the cotton area. This project commenced in 1992 to continue the work on nutgrass ecology and control in cotton begun in project 60C