Last year I spent several months at Rothamsted Experimental Station in the U.K., as a Churchill Fellow, studying biochemical toxicology in H. armigera was inspired by the Insecticide Resistance Groups very practical application of basic research on biochemical resistance mechanisms, to develop sensitive and reliable methods for monitoring resistance in field populations. If felt that in H. armigera too, that we will be able to use the power of biochemical and molecular genetic techniques, not only to gain a fundamental understanding of the processes, but to exploit this knowledge to study problems in the field. In this paper, I want to share some of these very exciting developments with you.