The 1997-98 season saw the re-investigation of ultra-narrow row cotton ("UNR" cotton) as an alternative production system. Since that time, growers have responded to the system's development in a cautious but extremely enthusiastic mariner. Four experimental sites were established in 1997-98, which totalled an area of 52.6 ha (130ac). The majority of these sites returned an almost unbelievable result; three weeks earliness and comparable yields, to conventional planting's. The 1998-99 season resulted in the establishment of 17 sites and 1821 ha (4500ac) planted to UNR. The following season, 1999-2000 saw the production area increase to 3642 ha (9000 ac). The bulk of this production increase has been centred in the southern production areas of the Lachlan, Hillston and Murrumbidgee. Initially, much of the research, which forms the basis of the current system, was coordinated during the late 1960's, and early 1970's. Historical results were not favourable, with UNR cotton being abandoned, as technology was not available to solve the challenges it faced. An example of the type of technology unavailable was growth regulators. Technology has advanced presenting more options for developing viable UNR systems. However, it is important to remember that no system is without faults and UNR cotton is no exception. The aim of this paper is to outline these positive and negative issues associated with UNR production.