The Australian Cotton CRC extension team conducted the second cotton industry benchmarking study during the 2000/01 season. It was implemented as a follow up to the 1997 survey that focussed on the 1996/97 season to measure changes in industry practice during the four-year period and to identify current issues for research, development and extension. This paper provides a broad overview of the survey results. The extension team focus groups will be undertaking detailed analyses of data with respect to specific aspects including agronomy and fanning systems and the management of weeds, water, insects, diseases and spray application. The information derived from the data is of substantial value when used in the identification, prioritisation and planning of research, development and extension programs.