The Australian cotton industry has been practising curative conventional insecticide resistance management for thirteen years now. initially it was targeted at pyrethroid and endosulfan resistance management in Helicoverpa armiger&quote; but more recently has also included other conventional insecticide groups (such as the organophosphates and carbamates) and acaricides for control of Tetranychus urticae. In addition, the imminent commercialisation of transgenic cotton expressing the CrylAc insecticidal crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis, has necessitated the introduction of a preventative Resistance Management Strategy. This paper aims to give a brief history of the Australian conventional Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM) Strategy and an outline of the proposed Resistance Management Strategy for Bt transgenic cotton.